The IPA C-6M Falcão was a modernized variant of the original C-6 air-superiority fighter, developed in the mid-1970s to extend operational life and enhance air-defense capability. Retaining the proven airframe and engines of the base model, the C-6M introduced focused upgrades aimed at endurance, avionics reliability, and weapons integration. The most distinctive feature was a dorsal conformal fuel tank, significantly increasing patrol range without occupying hardpoints. The cockpit remained largely analog, centered around a round green CRT radar display, complemented by improved avionics and basic electronic warning systems. Armament was enhanced with wingtip-mounted infrared air-to-air missiles, increasing total missile capacity to six heat-seeking missiles, while internal cannons remained unchanged.
The C-6M entered production in 1975, with export deliveries beginning in 1976. A total of 96 aircraft were produced for export: 28 delivered to Spain, 36 to Brazil, and 32 to the United Kingdom. In export service, the C-6M proved reliable and cost-effective, remaining operational until the late 1990s and early 2000s, when it was gradually replaced by newer generation fighters.
In the United Kingdom, the modernized variant was designated the Falcon FGR.1. Entering service in 1976, it was adapted to British operational requirements with minor avionics modifications, radio integration, and low-vis markings. The FGR.1 served primarily in air defense and limited ground-attack roles, maintaining the proven C-6M airframe, armament, and endurance enhancements. Its combination of reliability, extended patrol capability, and improved weapons systems allowed it to remain in RAF service until 2001, bridging the gap between earlier Cold War jets and more modern fighters.
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Specifications
General Characteristics
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- Wingspan 35.2ft (10.7m)
- Length 50.5ft (15.4m)
- Height 15.1ft (4.6m)
- Empty Weight 20,318lbs (9,216kg)
- Loaded Weight 29,479lbs (13,371kg)
Performance
- Power/Weight Ratio 2.515
- Wing Loading 74.7lbs/ft2 (364.9kg/m2)
- Wing Area 394.4ft2 (36.6m2)
- Drag Points 4549
Parts
- Number of Parts 159
- Control Surfaces 9
- Performance Cost 848