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Fully functional ILS (Proof-of-concept)

1,139 zwen  2.5 years ago

Hi all,

I realized there are not enough content on navigation, so I tried to create an ILS profile and instrument. This modified version of Twin Prop has an HUD that displays localizer and glide slope information. At heavy fog, the decision height can be as low as 100 AGL.

Here is the list of frequencies: (let me know if any is incorrect)
1. Wright 36: 108.10
2. Wright 18: 108.20
3. Wright North 26: 108.30
4. Wright North 08: 108.40
5. Yeager 01R: 108.50
6. Yeager 01L: 108.60
7. Avalanche R27 108.70
8. Avalanche R09 108.80
9. Ice Base 108.90 (no practical use lol)

The basic trigonometry is asin for localizer and atan for glide slope. The horizontal deviation angle is calculated also with the point to line distance formula. (I can explain further if interested) The virtual signal is stored as coordinate pairs thanks to the new variable system. It can easily be expanded.

Additional credits to @PlanariaLab for the original HUD (amazing!), @PlaneFlightX for suggestions on ILS implementation, and @SnoWFLakE0s for the calculator where my buttons are from.

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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    @zwen Yeah I've noticed that. I think it's because the SWL-10's ILS "ended" right at the threshold, and yours "ended" at the opposite end of the runway.

    8 months ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @PlaneFlightX Well full needle deflection is only 5 degrees off course. It will become very sensitive when you get close to the runway (end, indeed). At a few miles from the threshold, you need to be really off-center to observe the indicator move away.

    8 months ago
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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    @zwen What I've found is that if I fly parallel to the runway at an offset like you said, the indicator stays where it is.

    EDIT: I just tested it myself, and it does get more sensitive, but not as sensitive as I was expecting.

    8 months ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @PlaneFlightX I don't quite get what you mean by the sensitivity of localizer. In theory if you fly parallel to the runway at an offset, the needle should drift away because the course deviant becomes greater when you get closer to the runway.

    8 months ago
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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    @zwen Thank you for your response! I haven't tested it but I should be able to do that in an hour or two. Another question, are you aware the sensitivity of the localizer doesn't change? It's as if it's a rectangle or something.

    8 months ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @PlaneFlightX If I can still remember, LOCX and Y are runway ends because localizer antennae are situated there (approximately) and GSX and Y are touch-down zone. RAD is the radial of localizer (aka runway heading) but it is there if you need to offset the signal. ALT is just Altitude-AltitudeAgl. For calculation, I once used GeoGebra (free) to map all coordinates and calculate IAF and FAFs and other navaids. Because the coordinates in SP are projected (ie. in meters not DMS), it is easier to work on it than trying to fit into a GIS system.

    8 months ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @PlaneFlightX Sorry for the late reply. Actually, those numbers are touch-down zone (biggest white block) and runway threshold (piano keys on the other end of runway) coordinates. I literally drove the buggy to that spot and used debug function to take measurements.

    8 months ago
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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    Hi again, I'm working on modifying your ILS to suit my systems, and I have a question.
    How did you calculate the latitude and longitude values for each runway threshold? I've noticed there are two latitude and two longitude values per runway, and I'm not sure how they were calculated. I'm asking this because I want to add two more airports into the system. I managed to reverse engineer the math and got pretty close, but my glideslope is off a bit.

    9 months ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @Guat3757 Sorry to hear that, unfortunately, however, I have been far away from SP in the past year or so even though I had had a passion to make a very advanced AP system. (And I've been addicted to XP and MSFS😂) What comes down to the basis of these FT codes is just trigonometry, and the glideslope is calculated from the arcsine or arctangent function (△Height divided by horizontal or spatial distance to TDZ). For anyone interested, please feel free to explore the possibilities of the basic algorithm!

    11 months ago
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    @FlightFun Yes

    one year ago
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    482 FlightFun

    @Guat3757 are all the variables in the right order?

    one year ago
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    Hi, I tried to install this ILS with the HUD on another plane but for some reason I’m not getting the glideslope. Localizer works great but the glideslope won’t come alive at all, stays at half dot down deflection. Checked the variables several times but can’t find anything.

    one year ago
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    482 FlightFun

    Ok, thanks!

    1.3 years ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @FlightFun Hi, IIRC you need to copy a few variables using the lower-right button with an "x" on it. They define the location of the simulated beacon. If ILS still doesn't move, you might be too far away from the runway. I haven't touched SP for a while and don't know if anything has changed.

    +1 1.3 years ago
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    482 FlightFun

    Hello, I have been playing SP for a wile now, and I saw your ILS system and tried to copy it over to my new aircraft but It did not work, and the ILS doesn't move...

    can anyone help me out?

    1.3 years ago
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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    Hi! I cam back to SP (and the long days of staring at code) after a while, and I have a few things to share!

    First of all, I have released my SWL-10. This aircraft, among other things, features a fully functional autopilot, and a working ILS (Version 1). A link is included above.

    Second of all, I am working on a new plane, the SWL-120. The SWL-120 is a 787-767 hybrid, and will have a redesigned autopilot, and the ILS will be based off yours! I am planning to incorporate your ILS codes (and HUD) into the flight systems.

    2.3 years ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @PlaneFlightX Hi! Changing the glide slope is fairly simple. You only need to change the variable GlideSlope into 6 - clamp(atan(), 5, 7). And in the display, you need to change the multiplier. If you use the HUD, the code will be voffset={GlideSlope * 2 + 0.5425}.

    I think if you want to make it easy to tune in the frequency, 0.5 is fine. You just need to redefine all the frequencies in the variable list (in the activator field). In real life, the NAV frequency often adds by 0.05, and for COM it can be 0.025.

    Also, really looking forward to your new design!

    +1 2.5 years ago
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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    Just came back to here to look at something.
    .
    I too hope SP will someday add a turnable nob. For now, I've used magnets and rotators with buttons to make a similar equivalent.
    .
    I do have a question - I'm planning on integrating your ILS into the displays in the cockpit of my SWL-120, and I was wondering - how many decimal points does my input system need to be able to be fine-tuned to? Currently it's .5 of a number, but does it need to be any more?
    .
    Also, is there any way to easily change the glideslope? I really think 5-7 degrees is good for SP, even though 3 is the norm for IRL.

    2.5 years ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @SnoWFLakE0s I find variables really useful at retaining values! I think my next step is to make a dial input, but I hope SP will someday add the turnable nob button 🙃

    2.5 years ago
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    66.7k SnoWFLakE0s

    Awesome, so you must've understood how the input dialog works!

    2.5 years ago
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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    @edensk It just seems like it's a little shallow.

    2.5 years ago
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    16.4k edensk

    @PlaneFlightX The most typical glide slope is about 3 degrees

    2.5 years ago
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    46.5k PlaneFlightX

    I just tested it at Wright, and it's pretty good! I will say the glideslope is shallow, so I'd recommend changing that to be a bit bigger (5 degrees maybe). I'm not at home right now so I can't fully test it. I would also like to use a slightly modified version of this in my SWL-120.

    +1 2.5 years ago
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    1,139 zwen

    @PlanariaLab
    @PlaneFlightX
    @SnoWFLakE0s

    +1 2.5 years ago